DIRECTIONS for the question 1-5: Answer the questions that follow each passage.
Recent technological advances in manned and unmanned undersea vehicles, along with breakthroughs in satellite technology and computer equipment, have overcome some of the limitations of diverse and diving equipments for scientists doing research on the great oceans of the world. Without a vehicle, divers often became sluggish, and their mental concentration was severely limited. Because undersea pressure affects their speech organs, communication among divers has always been difficult or impossible. But today, most oceanographers avoid the use of vulnerable human divers, preferring to reduce the risk to human life and make direct observations by means of instruments that are lowered into the ocean, from samples taken from the water, or from photographs made by orbiting satellites. Direct observations of the ocean floor can be made not only by divers but also by deep diving submarines in the water and even by the technology of sophisticated aerial photography from vantage points above the surface of the water. Some submarines can dive to depths of more than seven miles and cruise at depths of fifteen thousand feet. In addition, radio-equipped buoys can be operated by remote control in order to transmit information back to land-based laboratories via satellite. Particularly important for ocean study are data about water temperature, currents, and weather. Satellite photographs can show the distribution "of sea ice, of slicks, and cloud formations over the ocean. Maps created from satellite pictures can represent the temperature and the color of the ocean's surface, enabling researchers to study the ocean currents from laboratories on dry land. Furthermore, computers help oceanographers to collect, organize, and analyze data from submarines and satellites. By creating a model of the ocean's movement and characteristics, scientists can predict the patterns and possible effects of the ocean on the environment. Recently, many oceanographers have been relying more on satellites and computers than on research ships or even submarine vehicles because they can supply a greater range of information more quickly and more effectively. Some of humankind's most serious problems, especially those concerning energy and food, may be solved with the help of observations made possible by this new technology.
How is a radio-equipped buoy operated?
By operators inside the vehicle in the part underwater
By operators outside the vehicle on a ship
By operators outside the vehicle on a diving platform
By operators outside the vehicle in a laboratory on shore
Answer : Option D.
Refer line 9th of the para – “In addition, radio-equipped buoys can be operated by remote control in order to transmit information back to land-based laboratories via satellite.” Thus from these lines it is vivid that the radio equipped buoy is operated by operators outside the vehicle in a laboratory on shore.
The word cruise in the given paragraph could best be replaced by
Travel at a constant speed
Function without problems
Stay in communication
Remain still
Answer : Option A.
Refer line 11 of the para – “Some submarines can dive to depths of more than seven miles and cruise at depths of fifteen thousand feet.” This cruise means to travel at constant speed.
Which of the following are NOT shown in satellite photograph?
The temperature of the ocean's surface
Cloud formations over the ocean
A model of the ocean's movements
The location of sea ice
Answer : Option C.
Refer line 11th of the para – “Satellite photographs can show the distribution "of sea ice, of slicks, and cloud formations over the ocean. Maps created from satellite pictures can represent the temperature and the color of the ocean's surface, enabling researchers to study the ocean currents from laboratories on dry land.” Thus from these lines it is clear that satellites can measure the temperature of the ocean’s surface, and see cloud formations over the ocean, and the location of ice.
Undersea vehicles
Are too small for a man to fit inside
Are very slow to respond
Have the same limitations that divers have
Make direct observations of the ocean floor
Answer : Option D.
Refer line 4th of the para – “But today, most oceanographers avoid the use of vulnerable human divers, preferring to reduce the risk to human life and make direct observations by means of instruments that are lowered into the ocean” thus the undersea vehicles can directly observe the ocean floor.
With what topic is the passage primarily concerned?
Technological advances in oceanography
Communication among divers
Direct observation of the ocean floor
Undersea vehicles
Answer : Option A.
The passage is talking about how the divers become slow. And also how we are using various technologies such as undersea vehicles and satellite imaging. Thus the answer is option 1.
DIRECTIONS for the question 6-7: Fill in the blanks using the appropriate options
The argument that the need for a looser fiscal policy to ________________ demand outweighs the need to _____________ budget deficits is persuasive.
assess, minimize
stimulate, control
outstrip, eliminate
restrain, conceal
Answer : Option B.
Some knowledge of economics helps here. By looser fiscal policy implies higher government spending – which obviously would lead to a higher deficit. Govt. spending is supposed to boost the economy.
This simplified ______________ to the decision-making process is a must read for anyone ____________ important real estate, personal, or professional decisions.
primer, maximizing
introduction, under
tract, enacting
guide, facing
Answer : Option D.
4. The key here is the second blank. 1 is ruled out because You cannot maximize decisions. even under a decision is grammatically incorrect, so 2 is out. Between 3 and 4, 4 is better, since a guide would be a more appropriate must-read.
DIRECTIONS for questions 8-9 : In each of these questions, certain statements are given followed by two conclusions numbered I and II. Consider the statement(s) to be true even if they seem to be at variance from commonly known facts. Decide which one of the conclusions logically follows from the statement(s). Mark answer as
1. If only conclusion I follows
2. If either conclusion I or II follows
3. If only conclusion II follows
4. If neither conclusion I nor II follows
Statements:
Industrial cities are highly polluted. Pollution means diseases.
Conclusions:
I. People who live in industrial cities become immune to diseases.
II. People living in cities which are not industrial are healthier than those who live in industrial cities.
1
2
3
4
Answer : Option D.
If industrial cities are polluted they cannot be immune to diseases as pollution means diseases. Pollution is not the only factor on which health is dependent, hence conclusion II cannot follow either.
Statements:
My brother sings very well. My sister is a basketball player. I am very intelligent.
Conclusions:
I. We all are very talented.
II. We all are sportsmen.
1
2
3
4
Answer : Option D.
Talent means a special natural ability or aptitude: a talent for drawing. From the statements given we cannot come to the conclusion I and as only the sister is a basketball player, we cannot conclude that we all are sportsman. Hence neither conclusion follows.
DIRECTIONS for the question 10 : Sentences are given with blanks to be filled in with an appropriate word. Choose the correct word out of the four.
He is the friend ............. I trust most.
who.
whom.
which
him
Answer : Option B.
He is the subject, and friend is the object, and with the object we use whom.